Toy Story



Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated family film directed by John Lasseter and featuring the voices of Tom Hanks and Tim Allen. The film was co-produced by Ralph Guggenheim and Bonnie Arnold and was distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, and Alec Sokolow, and featured music by Randy Newman. It was the first feature film released to use only CGI. Toy Story follows a group of toys who come to life whenever their owner is not present, focusing on Woody, a pull-string cowboy doll (Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (Allen).

The top-grossing film on its opening weekend,[2] Toy Story went on to earn over $191 million in the United States and Canada during its initial theatrical release and took in more than $361 million worldwide.[3] Reviews were overwhelmingly positive, praising both the technical innovation of the animation and the wit and sophistication of the screenplay.[4] [5]

In addition to DVD releases, Toy Story-inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin-offs, and merchandise. The film was so successful it prompted a sequel, Toy Story 2, which became an even bigger hit than the original. Toy Story was re-released on a double feature with Toy Story 2 in Disney Digital 3-D on October 2, 2009, and Toy Story 3 which was released in theatres on June 18, 2010.[6] Both sequels have garnered critical acclaim similar to the first. Toy Story was selected into the National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" on its first year of eligibility. {| class="toc" id="toc"

Contents
[hide]*1 Plot
 * 2 Cast
 * 3 Production
 * 3.1 Script and development
 * 3.2 Animation
 * 4 Release
 * 4.1 Theatrical release
 * 4.2 3-D re-release
 * 4.3 Reception
 * 4.4 Box office performance
 * 4.5 Awards
 * 4.6 Home video
 * 5 Soundtrack
 * 6 Impact
 * 6.1 "To infinity and beyond!"
 * 6.2 Sequels, shows, and spin-offs
 * 6.3 Software and merchandise
 * 6.4 Theme Park Attractions
 * 7 References
 * 8 External links
 * }

[edit] Plot
Old-fashioned cowboy pull-string toy Woody coordinates a reconnaissance mission around his 6-year old owner Andy's birthday party in the days before Andy's family move to their new house. To Woody's dismay, Andy receives a new action figure, space ranger Buzz Lightyear, whose impressive features soon see Buzz replacing Woody as Andy's favorite toy. Woody, the former de facto leader of Andy's toys, is disappointed and resentful at his replacement. Meanwhile, Buzz does not understand that he is a toy, and believes himself to be an actual space ranger, seeing Woody as an interference in his "mission" to return to his home planet.

Later, Andy prepares to go to a family outing at Pizza Planet with Buzz. Woody intends to trap Buzz in a gap behind Andy's desk and replace him, but the plan backfires and Buzz is knocked out of the window. The other toys accuse Woody of attempting to murder Buzz out of jealousy, but are unable to punish him before Andy leaves the house with Woody for an outing at the space-themed Pizza Planet restaurant. Buzz sees Andy getting into his mother's car with Woody and manages to climb aboard, seeking revenge on Woody. At the gas station, while Andy's mother refuels the car, Woody ponders how he can return to Andy's room alone. Buzz suddenly appears, and angrily argues about what Woody did to him. The two fight and accidentally land outside the car, which drives off and leaves the two stranded.

Woody spots a truck bound for Pizza Planet and plans to rendezvous with Andy there. Realizing that he will face the wrath of the other toys if he returns alone, Woody convinces Buzz that the truck will take them to a spaceship. Once at Pizza Planet, Buzz makes his way into a claw game machine shaped like a spaceship, thinking it to be the ship Woody promised him. While Woody clambers in to try and rescue him, Buzz and Woody are captured by Andy's next-door neighbor, the toy-destroying Sid Phillips.

The two desperately attempt to escape from Sid's house before Andy's family's moving day. There they encounter nightmarish mutant toys inhabiting his room, as well as Sid's vicious dog Scud. Buzz sees a commercial for Buzz Lightyear toys just like himself. Crestfallen and in denial that he is a toy, Buzz desperately attempts one last time to fly out of the window but falls and literally breaks his arm off. Woody is unable to get a depressed Buzz to participate in his escape plan, even when the mutant toys show their true colors and repair Buzz's arm. Sid prepares to destroy Buzz by strapping a firework rocket to him, but is delayed by a thunderstorm. Woody convinces Buzz that life is worth living even if he is not a space ranger because of the joy he can bring to children, but despairs that he himself stands no chance of being Andy's favorite. Buzz regains his spirit, but Sid wakes up before they can escape and takes Buzz (still strapped to the rocket), to his backyard launchpad. In cooperation with Sid's mutant toys, Woody stages a rescue of Buzz and terrifies Sid into running away in fear of his own toys. But even after their efforts, the two miss Andy's car as it drives away to his new house.

Climbing onto the moving truck, they attract the attention of Scud, and Buzz gives up himself to save Woody by tackling the dog. Woody attempts to rescue Buzz with Andy's RC. The other toys in the moving van mistakenly believe Woody is attempting to get rid of another toy, and toss Woody onto the road with Buzz. However, the toys realize their misjudgment when they spot Woody riding on RC with Buzz and try to help them back into the truck, but RC's batteries become depleted, and Woody and Buzz are left behind. Woody then realizes that he can ignite the rocket Sid put on Buzz's back, and manages to toss RC into the moving truck just as Woody and Buzz go soaring into the air. Buzz frees himself from the rocket by opening his wings, and he and Woody glide in the air until they land safely inside Andy's car.

On Christmas Eve at the new house, a reconciled Buzz and Woody stage another reconnaissance mission to prepare for the new toy arrivals. As Woody wonders what gift may be worse than Buzz, a bark is heard downstairs; Andy has received a puppy, something which leaves Woody and Buzz feeling uneasy.

[edit] Cast
Main article: List of Toy Story characters*Tom Hanks as Woody
 * Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear
 * Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head
 * Jim Varney as Slinky Dog
 * Wallace Shawn as Rex
 * John Ratzenberger as Hamm
 * Annie Potts as Bo Peep
 * John Morris as Andy Davis
 * Erik von Detten as Sid Phillips
 * R. Lee Ermey as Sarge
 * Laurie Metcalf as Mom
 * Sarah Freeman as Hannah Phillips
 * Joe Ranft as Lenny/Magic 8 Ball/Mike/RC
 * Jeff Pidgeon as the Squeeze Toy Aliens/Mr. Spell/Robot
 * Jack Angel as Shark/Rocky Gibraltar/Snake
 * Debi Derryberry as Squeeze Toy Aliens/Troll/Pizza Planet Intercom
 * Penn Jillette as a TV announcer/Etch A Sketch/Barrel Of Monkeys
 * Mickie McGowan as Mrs. Phillips
 * Andrew Stanton as Commercial Chorus
 * Spencer Aste, Cody Dorkin, Gregory Grudt, Sam Lasseter, Scott McAffe, and Ryan O'Donohue play six of Andy's friends.
 * Hannah Unkrich as Molly Davis
 * Phil Proctor as Bowling Announcer/Pizza Planet Guard 1
 * Patrick Pinney as Pizza Planet Guard 2

[edit] Script and development
The entrance to Pixar's studio lot in Emeryville, California.John Lasseter's first experience with computer animation was during his work as an animator at Disney, when two of his friends showed him the lightcycle scene from Tron. It was an eye-opening experience which awakened Lasseter to the possibilities offered by the new medium of computer-generated animation.[7] Lasseter went on to work at Lucasfilm and later as a founding member of Pixar.[8]

Pixar's Oscar-winning short film Tin Toy (directed by Lasseter) and its CAPS project were among works that gained Disney's attention and, after meetings in 1990 with Jeffrey Katzenberg, Pixar pitched a television special called A Tin Toy Christmas. By July 1991, Disney and Pixar signed an agreement to work on a film, based on the Tin Toy characters, called Toy Story.[9] The deal gave Pixar a three-film deal (with Toy Story being the first) as well as 10% of the films' profits.[10] [11]

Toy Story's script was strongly influenced by the ideas of screenwriter Robert McKee. The script went through many changes before the final version. Lasseter decided Tinny was "too antiquated", and the character was changed to a military action figure, and then given a space theme. Tinny's name changed to Lunar Larry, then Tempus from Morph, and eventually Buzz Lightyear (after astronaut Buzz Aldrin).[12] Lightyear's design was modeled on the suits worn by Apollo astronauts as well as G.I. Joe action figures.[13] [14] A second character, originally a ventriloquist's dummy, was changed to a stuffed cowboy doll with a pull-string, and named Woody for Western actor Woody Strode. The difference between the old and new toy led to a conflict between their personalities.[12] Lasseter wanted the film to not be a musical, but a buddy film, with the story department drawing inspiration from films such as ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/48_Hrs. 48 Hrs.] and The Defiant Ones''.[12] Joss Whedon claimed "It would have been a really bad musical, because it's a buddy movie. It's about people who won't admit what they want, much less sing about it. ... Buddy movies are about sublimating, punching an arm, 'I hate you.' It's not about open emotion."[15] Disney also appointed Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow and, later, Whedon to help develop the script.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-price_11-3">[12] In addition, Disney wanted the film to appeal to both children and adults, and asked for adult references to be added to the film.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-1">[15] Disney gave approval for the film on January 19, 1993, at which point voice casting could begin.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-2">[15]

Lasseter always wanted Tom Hanks to play the character of Woody. Lasseter claimed Hanks "... has the ability to take emotions and make them appealing. Even if the character, like the one in A League of Their Own, is down-and-out and despicable."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-3">[15] Early test footage, using Hanks' voice from Turner and Hooch, convinced Hanks to sign on to the film.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-4">[15] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DVDTurnerHooch_15-0">[16] Billy Crystal was approached to play Buzz, but turned down the role, which he later regretted, although he would voice Mike Wazowski in Pixar's later success, Monsters, Inc.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BillyCrystal_16-0">[17] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BillyCrystalCT_17-0">[18] Katzenberg took the role to Tim Allen, who was appearing in Disney's Home Improvement, and he accepted.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-price_11-4">[12] Toy Story was both Hanks and Allen's first animated film role.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FirstAnimated_18-0">[19]

Pixar presented an early draft of the film to Disney on November 19, 1993.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-5">[15] The result was disastrous. It presented Woody as a "sarcastic jerk" because Katzenberg kept sending notes that he wanted more edge. Katzenberg took Schneider in the hall during the screening and asked him why it was bad, Schneider responded that it 'wasn't their's anymore.' <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19">[20] Walt Disney Feature Animation president Peter Schneider immediately shut down production pending a new script approved by Disney. Pixar survived the shutdown by falling back on its existing television commercial business while the script was rewritten.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-6">[15] The new script made Woody a more likable character, instead of the "sarcastic jerk" he had been. Katzenberg restarted production in February 1994.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-price_11-5">[12] The voice actors returned in March to record their new lines.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-7">[15]

It was Whedon's idea to incorporate Barbie as a character who would rescue Woody and Buzz in the film's final act.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LostJoss_20-0">[21] The idea was dropped after Mattel objected and refused to license the toy. Producer Ralph Guggenheim claimed that Mattel did not allow the use of the toy as "They [Mattel] philosophically felt girls who play with Barbie dolls are projecting their personalities onto the doll. If you give the doll a voice and animate it, you're creating a persona for it that might not be every little girl's dream and desire."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-8">[15] Barbies did, however, appear in the film's sequel, Toy Story 2. Hasbro likewise refused to license G.I. Joe but did license Mr. Potato Head.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-price_11-6">[12] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-9">[15] The film's related toys were produced by Thinkway Toys, who secured the worldwide master toy license in 1995.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ThinkwayToysHistory_21-0">[22]

[edit] Animation
"We couldn't have made this movie in traditional animation. This is a story that can only really be told with three-dimensional toy characters. ... Some of the shots in this film are so beautiful." —Tom Schumacher, Vice President of Walt Disney Feature Animation<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DeseretNewsVP_22-0">[23] Toy Story was completed on a $30 million budget, and a $20 million advertising budget, using a staff of 110, <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CNN110animators_23-0">[24] in comparison The Lion King, released in 1994, which required a budget of $45 million and a staff of 800.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-10">[15] Lasseter spoke on the challenges of the computer animation in the film: "We had to make things look more organic. Every leaf and blade of grass had to be created. We had to give the world a sense of history. So the doors are banged up, the floors have scuffs."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-11">[15]

The film began with animated storyboards to guide the animators in developing the characters. 27 animators worked on the film, using 400 computer models to animate the characters. Each character was either created out of clay or was first modeled off of a computer-drawn diagram before reaching the computer animated design.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WiredMakingof_24-0">[25] Once the animators had a model, articulation and motion controls were coded, allowing each character to move in a variety of ways, such as talking, walking, or jumping.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WiredMakingof_24-1">[25] Of all of the characters, Woody was the most complex as he required 723 motion controls, including 212 for his face and 58 for his mouth.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-12">[15] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-HenneMakingOf_25-0">[26] To sync the actors' voices with the characters, animators spent a week per 8-second frame detailing the characters' mouths and expressions.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WiredMakingof_24-2">[25] After this the animators would compile the scenes, and develop a new storyboard with the computer animated characters. Animators then added shading, lighting, visual effects, and finally used 300 computer processors to render the film to its final design.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WiredMakingof_24-3">[25] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-HenneMakingOf_25-1">[26] During post-production, the film was sent to Skywalker Sound where sound effects were mixed with the music score.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-HenneMakingOf_25-2">[26] In total, the film required 800,000 machine hours and 114,240 frames of animation, with 2–15 hours spent per frame.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-13">[15] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CNN110animators_23-1">[24] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WiredMakingof_24-4">[25]

[edit] Theatrical release
Toy Story premiered on November 19, 1995 in Hollywood, California. For its theater run, it was released on November 22, 1995 at the beginning of a 5-day Thanksgiving weekend. The film opened in 2,281 theaters (before later expanding to 2,574 theaters). The film remained in theaters for 37 weeks.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJO_2-1">[3] The film was also shown at the Berlin Film Festival out of competition from February 15 to 26, 1996.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BerlinFFVariety_26-0">[27] Pixar's first ever short film, "The Adventures of Andre and Wally B" played before the film was shown in theaters.

Upon its release, Toy Story was the only Pixar film that was branded with only the Disney logo above its title despite the film's dual collaboration. However, after the complete acquisition of Pixar by the Walt Disney Company in 2006, the film along with the rest of the films produced by Pixar now feature the Disney·Pixar brand.

Prior to the film's release, executive producer Steve Jobs stated "If Toy Story is a modest hit—say $75 million at the box office—we'll [Pixar and Disney] both break even. If it gets $100 million, we'll both make money. But if it's a real blockbuster and earns $200 million or so at the box office, we'll make good money, and Disney will make a lot of money."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CNN110animators_23-2">[24] Disney chairman Michael Eisner stated "I don't think either side thought Toy Story would turn out as well as it has. The technology is brilliant, the casting is inspired, and I think the story will touch a nerve. Believe me, when we first agreed to work together, we never thought their first movie would be our 1995 holiday feature, or that they could go public on the strength of it."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CNN110animators_23-3">[24] Marketing for the film includes $20 million spent by Disney for advertising as well as advertisers such as Burger King, Pepsico, Coca-Cola, and Payless ShoeSource paying $125 million in tied promotions for the film.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Disney20mil_27-0">[28] A marketing consultant reflected on the promotion: "This will be a killer deal. How can a kid, sitting through a one-and-a-half-hour movie with an army of recognizable toy characters, not want to own one?"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DailyNewsPromotion_28-0">[29]

[edit] 3-D re-release
Poster for 3-D re-releaseOn October 2, 2009, the film was re-released in Disney Digital 3-D.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Empire3D_29-0">[30] The film was also released with Toy Story 2 as a double feature for a two-week run<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Yahoo3D_30-0">[31] which was extended due to its success.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oct12update_31-0">[32] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oct12update2_32-0">[33] In addition, the film's second sequel, Toy Story 3, will also be released in the 3-D format.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Empire3D_29-1">[30] Lasseter commented on the new 3-D re-release: "The Toy Story films and characters will always hold a very special place in our hearts and we're so excited to be bringing this landmark film back for audiences to enjoy in a whole new way thanks to the latest in 3-D technology. With Toy Story 3 shaping up to be another great adventure for Buzz, Woody and the gang from Andy's room, we thought it would be great to let audiences experience the first two films all over again and in a brand new way."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VFXWorldLass3-D_33-0">[34] Translating the film into 3-D involved revisiting the original computer data and virtually placing a second camera into each scene, creating left-eye and right-eye views needed to achieve the perception of depth.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dimension_34-0">[35] Unique to computer animation, Lasseter referred to this process as "digital archaeology."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dimension_34-1">[35] The process took four months, as well as an additional six months for the two films to add the 3-D. The lead stereographer Bob Whitehill oversaw this process and sought to achieve an effect that impacted the emotional storytelling of the film: "When I would look at the films as a whole, I would search for story reasons to use 3-D in different ways. In 'Toy Story, for instance, when the toys were alone in their world, I wanted it to feel consistent to a safer world. And when they went out to the human world, that's when I really blew out the 3-D to make it feel dangerous and deep and overwhelming."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dimension_34-2">[35] Unlike other countries, the UK received the films in 3-D as separate releases. Toy Story was released on October 2, 2009. Toy Story 2 was instead released January 22, 2010.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Toy_Story_3D_Review_35-0">[36] The re-release performed well at the box office, opening with $12,500,000 in its opening weekend, placing at the third position after Zombieland and Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ReBOXMOJO_36-0">[37] The double feature grossed $30,714,027 in its five-week release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ReBOXMOJO_36-1">[37]

[edit] Reception
"Yes, we worry about what the critics say. Yes, we worry about what the opening box office is going to be. Yes, we worry about what the final box office is going to be. But really, the whole point why we do what we do is to entertain our audiences. The greatest joy I get as a filmmaker is to slip into an audience for one of our movies anonymously, and watch people watch our film. Because people are 100 percent honest when they're watching a movie. And to see the joy on people's faces, to see people really get into our films...to me is the greatest reward I could possibly get." —John Lasseter, reflecting on the impact of the film<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-PaikInfinity104_37-0">[38] Toy Story has been universally successful ever since its release in 1995. The review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film currently has 71 reviews total, as indicated by a rare 100% "Certified Fresh" approval rating and an average critical score of 9/10.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-RotTom_4-1">[5] At the website Metacritic, which utilizes a normalized rating system, the film earned a "universal acclaim" level rating of 92/100 based on 16 reviews by mainstream critics.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-metacritic_3-1">[4] Reviewers hailed the film for its computer animation, voice cast, and ability to appeal to numerous age groups.

Leonard Klady of Variety commended the animation's "... razzle-dazzle technique and unusual look. The camera loops and zooms in a dizzying fashion that fairly takes one's breath away."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VarietyKlady_38-0">[39] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times compared the film's innovative animation to Disney's Who Framed Roger Rabbit saying "Both movies take apart the universe of cinematic visuals, and put it back together again, allowing us to see in a new way."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EbertRogerReview_39-0">[40] Due to the film's animation, Richard Corliss of Time claimed that it was "... the year's most inventive comedy."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TimeAlive_40-0">[41]

The voice cast was also praised by various critics. Susan Wloszczyna of USA Today approved of the selection of Hanks and Allen for the lead roles.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-USATodaySusan_41-0">[42] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times stated that "Starting with Tom Hanks, who brings an invaluable heft and believability to Woody, Toy Story is one of the best voiced animated features in memory, with all the actors ... making their presences strongly felt."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LATimesTuran_42-0">[43] Several critics also recognized the film's ability to appeal to various age groups, specifically children and adults.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EbertRogerReview_39-1">[40] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NewsweekAC_43-0">[44] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote: "It has the purity, the ecstatic freedom of imagination, that's the hallmark of the greatest children's films. It also has the kind of spring-loaded allusive prankishness that, at times, will tickle adults even more than it does kids."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWquote_44-0">[45]

In 1995, Time named the film 8th in their list of the best ten films of 1995.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Time8th_45-0">[46] In 2003, the Online Film Critics Society ranked the film as the greatest animated film of all time.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-OFCS_46-0">[47] In 2007, the Visual Effects Society named the film 22nd in its list of the "Top 50 Most Influential Visual Effects Films of All Time".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VisualES_47-0">[48] In 2005 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry, one of five films to be selected in its first year of eligibility.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NationalFilmRegis_48-0">[49] The film is ranked ninety-ninth on the AFI's list of the hundred greatest American films of all time.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CitizenKaneAFI_49-0">[50] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ComSoonAFI_50-0">[51] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Top10Animation_51-0">[52] It was one of only two animated films on the list, the other being Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. It was also sixth best in the animation genre on AFI's 10 Top 10.

[edit] Box office performance
Toy Story's first five days of domestic release (on Thanksgiving weekend), earned the film $39,071,176.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJODaily_52-0">[53] The film placed first in the weekend's box office with $29,140,617.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJO_2-2">[3] The film maintained its number one position at the domestic box office for the following two weekends. Toy Story was the highest grossing domestic film in 1995, besting Batman Forever and Apollo 13.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJO1995Best_53-0">[54] At the time of its release, it was the third highest grossing animated film after The Lion King (1994) and Aladdin (1992).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BizWeekBOX_10-1">[11] When not considering inflation, Toy Story is 96th on the list of the highest grossing domestic films of all time.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJO96Domestic_54-0">[55] The film had gross receipts of $191,796,233 in the U.S. and Canada and $170,162,503 in international markets for a total of $361,958,736 worldwide.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXMOJO_2-3">[3]

[edit] Awards
Main article: List of Pixar awards and nominations (feature films)#Toy StoryThe film won and was nominated for various other awards including a Kids' Choice Award, MTV Movie Award, and a BAFTA Award, among others. John Lasseter received an Academy Special Achievement Award in 1996 "for the development and inspired application of techniques that have made possible the first feature-length computer-animated film."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LasseterSpecial_55-0">[56] The film was nominated for three Academy Awards, two to Randy Newman for Best Music—Original Song, for "You've Got a Friend in Me", and Best Music—Original Musical or Comedy Score.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYTAwards_56-0">[57] It was also nominated for Best Writing—Screenplay Written for the Screen for the work by Joel Cohen, Pete Docter, John Lasseter, Joe Ranft, Alec Sokolow, Andrew Stanton, and Joss Whedon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYTAwards_56-1">[57]

Toy Story won eight Annie Awards, including "Best Animated Feature". Animator Pete Docter, director John Lasseter, musician Randy Newman, producers Bonnie Arnold and Ralph Guggenheim, production designer Ralph Eggleston, and writers Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow, Andrew Stanton, and Joss Whedon all won awards for "Best Individual Achievement" in their respective fields for their work on the film. The film also won "Best Individual Achievement" in technical achievement.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AnnieAwards24th_57-0">[58]

Toy Story was nominated for two Golden Globes, one for "Best Motion Picture—Comedy/Musical", and one for "Best Original Song—Motion Picture" for Randy Newman's "You've Got a Friend in Me".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-GoldenGlobes_58-0">[59] At both the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards and the Kansas City Film Critics Circle, the film won "Best Animated Film".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LosAngelesAward_59-0">[60] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-KansasCityAward_60-0">[61] Toy Story is also among the top ten in the BFI list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14, and the highest placed (at #99) animated film in Empire's list of "500 Greatest Movie of All Time"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-61">[62]

[edit] Home video
Toy Story was released on VHS and Laserdisc on October 29, 1996, with no bonus material. In the first week of release VHS rentals totaled $5.1 million, debuting Toy Story as the number one video for the week.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VHSrentalssales_62-0">[63] Over 21.5 million VHS copies were sold in the first year.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VHSsales_63-0">[64] On January 11, 2000, it was released on VHS in the Gold Classic Collection series with the bonus short, Tin Toy, which sold two million copies.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VHSsales_63-1">[64] Its first DVD release was on October 17, 2000, in a two-pack with Toy Story 2. This release was later available individually. Also on October 17, 2000, a 3-disc "Ultimate Toy Box" set was released, featuring Toy Story, Toy Story 2, and a third disc of bonus materials.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-VHSsales_63-2">[64] On September 6, 2005, a 2-disc "10th Anniversary Edition" was released featuring much of the bonus material from the "Ultimate Toy Box", including a retrospective special with John Lasseter, a home theater mix, as well as a new picture.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10thDVD_64-0">[65] This DVD went back in the Disney Vault on January 31, 2009, along with Toy Story 2. Also on September 6, 2005, a bare-bones UMD of Toy Story was released for the Sony PlayStation Portable.

The film was available on Blu-ray for the first time in a Special Edition Combo Pack that was released on March 23, 2010, along with its sequel.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-65">[66] There was a DVD-only re-release on May 11, 2010.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-66">[67]

[edit] Soundtrack
Lasseter was against making the film a musical, similar to prior Disney films such as Aladdin and The Lion King.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BizWeekBOX_10-2">[11] However, Disney favored the musical format, claiming "Musicals are our orientation. Characters breaking into song is a great shorthand. It takes some of the onus off what they're asking for."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-14">[15] However, Disney later agreed with Lasseter and decided to select Randy Newman to score the film, which would be Newman's first animated film. Lasseter claimed "His songs are touching, witty, and satirical, and he would deliver the emotional underpinning for every scene."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-15">[15] Newman developed the film's signature song "You've Got a Friend in Me" in one day.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWToyWonder_14-16">[15]

The soundtrack for Toy Story was produced by Walt Disney Records and was released on November 22, 1995, the week of the film's release. Scored and written by Randy Newman, the soundtrack has received praise for its "sprightly, stirring score".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicReview_67-1">[68] Despite the album's critical success, the soundtrack only peaked at number 94 on the Billboard 200 album chart.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-chart_69-0">[70] A cassette and CD single release of "You've Got a Friend in Me" was released on April 12, 1996 in order to promote the soundtrack's release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-single_68-1">[69] The soundtrack was remastered in 2006 and although it is no longer available physically, the album is available for purchase digitally in retailers such as iTunes<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-itunes_70-0">[71] All songs written and composed by Randy Newman.
 * Tracklisting<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicReview_67-2">[68] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-itunes_70-1">[71]
 * Charts

[edit] Impact
Toy Story had a large impact on the film industry with its innovative computer animation. After the film's debut, various industries were interested in the technology used for the film. Graphics chip makers desired to compute imagery similar to the film's animation for personal computers; game developers wanted to learn how to replicate the animation for video games; and robotics researchers were interested in building artificial intelligence into their machines that compared to the lifelike characters in the film.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ImpactPossible_71-0">[72] Various authors have also compared the film to an interpretation of Don Quixote as well as humanism.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TSQuixote_72-0">[73] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-InfinityHeaven_73-0">[74] In addition, Toy Story left an impact with its catchphrase "To infinity and beyond!", sequels, and software, among others.

[edit] "To infinity and beyond!"
Buzz Lightyear's classic line "To infinity and beyond!" has seen usage not only on T-shirts, but among philosophers and mathematical theorists as well.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-InfinityPhil_74-0">[75] Mathematicians have pointed out that it is not possible to go beyond infinity in mathematics, but instead stating that the phrase is only relevant to "showbiz".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-InfinityPossible_75-0">[76] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-InfinityAmerican_76-0">[77] Lucia Hall of The Humanist linked the film's plot to an interpretation of humanism. She compared the phrase to "All this and heaven, too!", indicating one who is happy with a life on Earth as well as having an afterlife.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-InfinityHeaven_73-1">[74] In 2008, astronauts took an action figure of Buzz Lightyear into space on the Discovery Space Shuttle as part of an educational experience for students while stressing the catchphrase. The action figure was used for experiments in zero-g.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BuzzSpace_77-0">[78] Also in 2008, the phrase made international news when it was reported that a father and son had continually repeated the phrase to help them keep track of each other while treading water for 15 hours in the Atlantic Ocean.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BuzzOcean_78-0">[79] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BuzzOcean2_79-0">[80]

[edit] Sequels, shows, and spin-offs
Main articles: Toy Story 2 and Toy Story 3Toy Story has spawned two sequels: Toy Story 2 (1999) and now Toy Story 3 (2010). Initially, the sequel to Toy Story was going to be a direct-to-video release, with development beginning in 1996.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EWDtoVideo_80-0">[81] However, after the cast from Toy Story returned and the story was considered to be better than that of a direct-to-video release, it was announced in 1998 that the sequel would see a theatrical release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AWDtoVideo_81-0">[82] The sequel saw the return of the majority of the voice cast from Toy Story, and the film focuses on rescuing Woody after he is stolen at a yard sale. The film was even better received than the original by critics, earning a rare 100% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 125 reviews.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-RotTom2_82-0">[83] At Metacritic, the film earned a favorable rating of 88/100 based on 34 reviews.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-metacritic2_83-0">[84] The film's widest release was 3,257 theaters and it grossed $485,015,179 worldwide, becoming the second-most successful animated film after The Lion King at the time of its release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXTS2_84-0">[85] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BOXTS2Lion_85-0">[86]

Toy Story 3 was released on June 18, 2010.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TS3Date3D_86-0">[87] The film centers on the toys being left at a day-care center after their owner goes to college.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TS3Plot_87-0">[88] Again the majority of the cast from the prior two films will return to voice their respective characters. Unlike the first two films, it was released in 3-D (although the first two films have been re-released in 3-D on October 2, 2009 as a double feature).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TS3Date3D_86-1">[87]

In November 1996, the Disney on Ice: Toy Story ice show opened which featured the voices of the cast as well as the music by Randy Newman.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DonIce_88-0">[89] In April 2008, the Disney Wonder cruise ship launched Toy Story: The Musical, for its passengers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TSShowCruise_89-0">[90]

Toy Story also led to a spin-off direct-to-video animated film, Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins as well as the animated television series Buzz Lightyear of Star Command.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AdBegins2000_90-0">[91] The film and series followed Buzz Lightyear and his friends at Star Command as they uphold justice across the galaxy. Although the film was criticized for not using the same animation as in Toy Story and Toy Story 2, it sold three million VHS and DVDs in its first week of release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BLEWD_91-0">[92] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BL3mil_92-0">[93] The series ran for two seasons.

[edit] Software and merchandise
Disney's Animated Storybook: Toy Story and Disney's Activity Center: Toy Story were released for Windows and Mac.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ActivityVideoGame_93-0">[94] Disney's Animated Storybook: Toy Story was the best selling software title of 1996, selling over 500,000 copies.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AnimatedSalesVideoGame_94-0">[95] Two console video games were released for the film: the Toy Story video game, for the Sega Genesis, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, Game Boy, and PC as well as Toy Story Racer, for the PlayStation (which contains elements from Toy Story 2).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TSVideoGame_95-0">[96] Pixar created original animations for all of the games, including fully animated sequences for the PC titles.

Toy Story had a large promotion prior to its release, leading to numerous tie-ins with the film including images on food packaging.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DailyNewsPromotion_28-1">[29] A variety of merchandise was released during the film's theatrical run and its initial VHS release including toys, clothing, and shoes, among other things.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ToyRivalsKing_96-0">[97] When an action figure for Buzz Lightyear and Sheriff Woody was created it was initially ignored by retailers. However, after over 250,000 figures were sold for each character prior to the film's release, demand continued to expand, eventually reaching over 25 million units sold by 2007.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-PaikInfinity104_37-1">[38]

[edit] Theme Park Attractions
Toy Story and its sequels have inspired multiple attractions at the theme parks of Walt Disney World and Disneyland:
 * Buzz Lightyear's Space Ranger Spin at the Magic Kingdom casts theme park guests as cadets in Buzz's Space Ranger Corps. Guests ride through various scenes featuring Emperor Zurg's henchmen, firing "laser canons" at their Z symbols, scoring points for each hit.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SpaceRangerSpin_97-0">[98]
 * Buzz Lightyear's Astro Blasters at Disneyland, is very similar to Space Ranger Spin, except that the laser canons are hand-held rather than mounted to the ride vehicle.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AstroBlasterDL_98-0">[99]
 * Buzz Lightyear's Astroblasters at DisneyQuest in Walt Disney World, despite the nearly identical name to the Disneyland attraction, is a bumper car style attraction in which guests compete against each other not only by ramming their ride vehicles into each other, but also by firing "asteroids" (playground balls) at each other.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AstroBlasterWDW_99-0">[100]
 * Toy Story Mania at both Disney's Hollywood Studios in Walt Disney World and Disney's California Adventure in Disneyland features a series of interactive carnival-type games hosted by the Toy Story characters. Guests ride in vehicles while wearing 3D glasses, and using a pull-string canon to launch virtual rings, darts, baseballs, etc. Disney announced an update to the attraction to add characters from Toy Story 3 several months before the film's release date.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-MidwayManiaWDW_100-0">[101] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-MidwayManiaDL_101-0">[102]
 * World of Color at Disney's California Adventure is a large night time water and light show. Some of the scenes projected on the water screens feature animation from the Toy Story films.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WorldOfColor_102-0">[103]